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为探究绿色防控模式和传统防控模式对苹果主要病虫害的周年防控效果及不同防控模式对果园昆虫群落的影响，于2021年在河北省保定市唐县唐河西村矮砧密植苹果园开展了田间试验，测试了2种防控模式对2种苹果主要病虫害的田间防控效果及对果园昆虫群落的影响.结果表明，绿色防控模式对斑点落叶病的防效高达70%以上，优于传统防控模式，对顶梢卷叶蛾的防效达到40%以上.通过利用马氏网、捕虫网和诱虫灯监测了2种防控模式对果园昆虫群落的影响.共调查到昆虫15目100 211头，个体数目最多的是双翅目昆虫，占总个体数的57%.保定唐县唐河西村苹果园寄生性天敌主要有寄生蜂，捕食性天敌有食蚜蝇、瓢虫、食虫虻等，主要害虫为金龟类、蝽类等.绿色防控模式的昆虫群落Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀性指数和Simpson集中性指数均高于传统防控模式.
Abstract：In order to explore the annual control effects of green control technology and traditional control technology on the main apple diseases and pests, as well as their impacts on the orchard insect community, the field experiment was conducted in 2021 in a dwarf rootstock densely planted apple orchard in Tanghe West Village, Tang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province.This study assessed the effectiveness ofthe two different pest management strategies against two major apple diseases and pests and observed their influence on the overall insect community within the orchard.The results indicated that the green control technology had a control effect of over 70% on Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali, which was better than the traditional control technology, and its prevention effect on Spilonota lechriaspis Meyrick reached over 40%.The monitoring of the impact of the two pest management strategies on the orchard insect community was performed using Malaise traps, insect nets, and light traps.A total of 102 111 individual insects belonging to 15 orders were collected with the highest number of individuals being Diptera, accounting for 57% of the total individual count.The main parasitic natural enemies in the apple orchard of Tanghe West Village, Tang County, Baoding, were parasitoid wasps, while the predatory natural enemies mainly included Syrphidae, Coccinellidae, and Asilidae.The main pests were Scarabaeidae and Pentatomidae.The green control technology showed higher Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Simpson dominance index compared to the traditional control technology.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.nse.202504008
中图分类号:S476;S436.611
引用信息:
[1]郭鑫宇,王黎明,孙梦伟,等.苹果病虫害绿色防控技术实施效果及其对果园昆虫群落的影响[J].河北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2025,49(04):399-407.DOI:10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.nse.202504008.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(32170451); 国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系(CARS-27); 河北省农业高质量发展关键共性技术攻关专项(21326506D); 河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ201817)
2025-07-09
2025-07-09